Quality and design features of a study can influence the results. Criteria relate to the quality of trials and to the combinability of treatments, patients, outcomes, and lengths of follow up. Researchers should write in advance a detailed research protocol that clearly states the objectives, the hypotheses to be tested, the subgroups of interest, and the proposed methods and criteria for identifying and selecting relevant studies and extracting and analysing information.Īs with criteria for including and excluding patients in clinical studies, eligibility criteria have to be defined for the data to be included. The steps involved are similar to any other research undertaking: formulation of the problem to be addressed, collection and analysis of the data, and reporting of the results. Meta-analysis should be viewed as an observational study of the evidence.
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